This is a copy of a manuscript for a book which was written by George Carroll. It was scanned by The Navy Historical Center. Ralph Lewis converted it to Microsoft Word format on the Macintosh. Bill Hocutt later converted the format to Microsoft Format for Windows. At this point, Chapter VII was not present. This document was printed from the manuscript as it exists at that time. This Table of Content was created by Bill Hocutt to refer to this document.

EDITORS INTRODUCTION 3

Bradys first Naval photograph, 1862; Naval wet plate photography, 1868; George Eastman establishes the Eastman Dry Plate Company, 1881.

Chapter II THE PIONEER PERIOD, 1914-1921

Biography of Lt. Walter C. Richardson

Naval Triangulation Photography, 1914; Richardson takes the first Naval aerial photographs, 1915; Richardson organizes the first Naval Photography Section in the Navy Department, 1917; first Naval photography school (Miami), 1918; Enlisted Naval photographer rating established, 1921.

Chapter III, NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHY RE-ESTABLISHED, 1919-1926 45

US Navy Photographs Mandate Islands in the Pacific - 1923 53

Naval photography school, Anacostia, 1920; First aerial photographs, US Fleet ships gunnery exercises, 1920; Naval photographic laboratories started operations at various Naval Air Stations, 1921-1823; Navy photographs the Mandate Islands in the South Pacific, 1923; Naval photography school moved to Pensacola, 1924.

Chapter IV, FLEET CAMERA PARTIES, 1920 - 1942 54

First permanent Fleet Camera Parties established, Atlantic and Pacific Fleets, 1920; Pacific Fleet Camera Party photographers go to Hollywood for motion picture photography training, 1924; First Navy color photographs, 1924.

Chapter V, PACIFIC FLEET AIRCRAFT SQUADRONS PHOTOGRAPHY NAS, SAN DIEGO, 1920-1941 66Pacific Fleet Air Photographic Unit established, 1920; Fleet air photographers take aerial photos of wrecked Destroyers at Point Arguello, 1923; Fleet air photographers record aerial photos of Pacific Fleet ships gunnery exercises; Fleet air photographers flying from the USS Saratoga during Army-Navy war games engage in the Navy’s first multi-plane low level photo reconnaissance mission, 1930; Navy photographers get high speed motion pictures showing excessive tail movement during high speed aerobatics in a Curtis Hell Diver, 1930; New photo lab built at North Island, 1932; Navys first continous 35mm motion picture film processing machine, 1936; Fleet air photo unit moved to NAS Ford Island, TH, 1940.

Chapter VI, NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHIC AERIAL SURVEYS, 1925-1941 86

Colorado Oil Shale Reserves Aerial Survey - 1925

Lt. Wyatt and Navy photographers make aerial photos of the Colorado oil shale reserve, 1925.

Lake Okechobee, Florida Aerial Survey - 1925 87

Lts Pope, Carlson, and Whitehead map Lake Okeechobee, Florida, 1925

Venezuela Aerial Survey - 1926

Lt. Pope and Chief Photographer Haynie map the Paraguana Pennisula area, Venesuela, 1926.

First Alaska Aerial Survey - 1926

Lt. Wyatt and Navy photographers conduct the first Alaskan aerial survey, 1926.

Photographer Murtha, the first Navy photographer awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, 1926. Porto-Rican-Nicaraguan Aerial Survey - 1929

Lt. Taylor and Navy photographers - Puerto Rican-Nicaraguan aerial survey, 1928.

Second Alaska Aerial Survey - 1929

Lcdr. Radford and Navy photographers, second Alaskan aerial survey, 1929.

Nanking China Aerial Survey - 1929

US Marine Corps Capt. Jerome conducts aerial survey of Tientsin, China, 1929.

Lt. Moss and Navy photographers conduct aerial survey of Nanking, China, 1929.

Third Alaska Aerial Survey - 1932 97

Lt. West and Navy photographers third Alaskan aerial survey, 1932.

ADM Byrds Second Antarctic Expedition - 1934-1935 98Navy photographer Pelter - Admiral Byrds second Antarctic expedition, 1934-1935. Mid-Pacific Aerial Survey - 1935-1936

Lt. Johnson and Navy photographer Arthur Carroll take aerial photos for the Mid-Pacific

Island Survey, 1934-1935;

South Pacific Phoenix Island Aerial Survey - 1939

Lts. Dyson, Huff , and Navy photographers obtain aerial photos - South Pacific Phoenix

Island survey, 1939.

US Antarctic Service Expedition - 1938-1940 101

Navy photographer Arthur Carroll and Charles Shirley assigned to the US Antartic Expedition, 1939-1940.

Chapter VII, AIRSHIP USS MACON, 1933-1935

Navy Photographer George Carroll using Infra-Red glass plates makes long distance aerial photos from the USS Macon, 1934.

This Chapter was not available and is not included

Chapter VIII, NAVY DEPARTMENT PHOTOGRAPHY, 1938-1941 104

Naval photographic units operating in the Navy Department, Washington, DC, NAS Anacostia, DC and the Navy Yard, Washington, DC; Lt. Quackenbush becomes the first US Navy officer (a graduate from the Naval Photographic School) to be assigned as officer in charge of the Naval Photographic Section, Bureau of Aeronautics, 1938; The Slide Film School, Bureau of Navigation, Navy Department, 1939-1941; No plans in the Navy Department, OPNAV War Plans Division for the utilization of photography in war time, 1939-1940; Lt. Quackenbush, Chief Photographers Haynie and Carroll instrumental in starting plans for expansion and modernization of Naval photography, 1940; Lt. Quackenbush goes to England to observe British Photo Reconnaissance/ Photo Interpretation Operations, 1941; Naval Photography Section becomes a Division in the Bureau of Aeronautics, with Capt. H. W. Taylor USN as the Director, 1941; Lt. A. D. Fraser and Chief Photographer George Carroll formulate plans for the class A, and B Naval photographic laboratory facilities, 1941.

Chapter IX, DAY OF INFAMY - 7 DECEMBER 1941 124

Naval photographers record historic photographs at Pearl Harbor during the Japanese air attack.

Chapter X, NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHY, BUREAU OF AERONAUTICS NAVY DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, DC 1941-1945 128

US Naval Photographic Science Laboratory - NAS Anacostia, DC

Lt. Fraser and Chief Photographer Carroll, DEC 15, 1941, first meeting in Rochester, NY with Eastman Kodak Engineers for development of plans for the USN Class A and B photographic laboratory facilities. W. L. Richardson and Chief Photographer Haynie start the organization set up for Navy wide photographic equipment-material supply system for war time operations. USN Photographic Science Laboratory development of plans, construction, equipping, and staffing, 1942-1943. Naval Photography becomes a Division in the Bureau of Aeronautics, 1942. Navy Training Film Section, Photography Division, Bureau of Aeronautics, 1941-1945.

Chapter XI, US NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION, 1941-1945

Biography of BGEN Charles H. Cox USMCR (Ret)

Biography of RADM Robert S. Quackenbush USN (Ret)

Lcdr. Quackenbush observes British Photo Reconnaissance/Photo Interpretation operations, 1941. Lcdr. Quackenbush establishes Photographic Interpretation School, NAS Anacostia, DC, 1942.

Chapter XII, QUACKENBUSHS GYPSIES, SOUTH PACIFIC 1942-1943 181Cdr Quackenbush photographs Guadalcanal with two B-17 airplanes prior to our invasion, his gunners shoot down 4 Jap Zeros, 1942; Quackenbush’s Gypsies photo operations, Guadalcanal-Solomon Island area, 1942-1943.

Chapter XIII, NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHIC RECONNAISSANCE, PACIFIC AREA 1942-1945 192

Part One: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron One - VD-1

Cmdr. Dyson organizes first Navy Photographic Reconnaissance Aircraft Squadron (VD-One), 1942; Dyson takes VD-One photo squadron to Guadalcanal, 1943.

VD-One Photo Reconn operations in the Solomons, 1943;

Biography of RADM Howell J. Dyson USN (Ret)

Part Two: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Two - VD-2

Part Three: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Three - VD-3

Cmdr. Stroh VD-Three operations in the Phoenix- Gilbert-Marshall Islands, 1943-1944.

Part Four: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Four - VD-4

Cmdr. Clark VD-Four operations in the Marshall-Marianas Islands, 1943-1944.

Part Five: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Five - VD-5

Cmdr. Fraser VD-Five operations in the Mariannas-Bonin-Iwo Jima-Okinawa Islands, 1944-1945.

Biography of RADM Archie D. Fraser USN (Ret)

Part Six: Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Six Second Deployment in WWII

Cmdr Eady VD-Three operations in the Okinawa-Amani Gunto-Takara

Gunto-Kyushu Islands and the China Coast, 1945.

Part Seven: Other Photographic Reconnaissance in the Pacific Area 1941-1945

The following Chapters were apparently planned, but not written

Chapter, XIV, US NAVAL PHOTO UNIT - INTERIOR CHINA, 1944-1945

Lt. Baudu establishes Naval Photographic Unit Chungking, China, 1944-1945

Chapter XV, OPERATION CROSSROADS, 1945Naval Photography - Joint Task Force One, Atom Bomb experiments at Bikini, 1946; Naval aircraft carrier USS Saidor converted into the worlds largest floating photographic processing laboratory for Operation Crossroads. Chapter XVI, OPERATION HIGHJUMP, 1947Naval Photography Antarctic operations

Chapter XVII, OPERATION DEEP FREEZE, 1955Naval Photography Antarctic operations, 1955.

Chapter XVIII, NAVAL PHOTOGRAPHY DIVISION, BUAER, NAVY DEPARTMENT,

WASHINGTON, DC, 1946-1960

Capt. Mundorff, Director of Naval Photography and his entire Division booted out of their Navy Department offices, and sent to the Washington, DC Navy Yard, 1946; Lcdr. Shirley, Photography R&D makes important photographic equipment changes for Jet aircraft photo operations; Lcdr. Shirley and Lt. Bonner make aerial photograph of the District of Columbia in an F9F Jet airplane from 56,500 feet altitude.

Index

Index Comments

iii

EYES OF THE NAVY CONTRIBUTORS

COL Elmer Andy Andrews, USAR - Eastman Kodak Company (RET)
LT Harry J. Baudu, USN(RET)
LT Arthur J. Carroll, USN(RET)
Gordon A. Chambers, Eastman Kodak Company (RET)
LCDR J. Howard Chick Chamblin, USN(RET)
CAPT C. H. Clark, USN(RET)
LT Francis X. Mike Clasby, USN(RET)
LT Richard Conger, USN(RET)
COL Pierson E. Conradt, USMC(RET)
CAPT Howard N. Coulter, USN(RET)
BGEN Charles H. Cox, USMC(RET)
RADM Howell J. Dyson, USN(RET)
Mrs. Helen Dyson
CAPT Jack A. Eady, USN(RET)
J. Walter Evans (RET)
RADM A. D. Fraser, USN(RET)
RADM T. R. Frederick, USN(RET)
Mrs. Florence Freeman
Richard W. Gardner, Eastman Kodak Company (RET)
LCDR Lyman E. Goodnight, USN(RET)
CDR Rex Hardy, USNR(RET)
CAPT Frederick R. Hewes, (CEC), USN(RET)
LT John L. Highfill, USN(RET)
John R. Hubbard, (RET)
L. D. Andy Jackson, Eastman Kodak Company (RET)
LT Francis K. Red Mansfield, USN(RET
Jack H. McClelland, (RET)
RADM George T. Mundorff, USN(RET)
LGEN J. C. Munn, USMC(RET)
Charles R. Nelson, Eastman Kodak Company, (RET)
Dr. Thomas C. Poulter, Sr. (RET)
CAPT L. A. Pope, USN(RET)
CDR Gerald P. Pulley, USN(RET)
RADM Robert S. Quackenbush, USN(RET)
Charles L. Resler, Eastman Kodak Company, (RET)
COL John H. Roscoe, USMCR(RET)
LCDR Paul S. Rundall, USN(RET)
LT Earl Sever, USN(RET)
LCDR Charles C. Shirley, USN(RET)
CDR Allen E. Stein, USN(RET)
VADM Robert J. Stroh, USN(RET)
LCDR A. Andy Syka (SC) USNR(RET)
Mrs. Adelaide M. Terhune
Mr. George Waters
Chief Photographer Roy E. Wayne, USN(RET)